1 - Lung ultrasound in the evaluation of pleural effusion

Ultrassom de pulmão na avaliação de derrame pleural

Elena Prina, Antoni Torres, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro Carvalho

J Bras Pneumol.2014;40(1):1-5

Original Article

2 - Can ultrasound guidance reduce the risk of pneumothorax following thoracentesis?

A ultrassonografia pode reduzir o risco de pneumotórax após toracocentese?

Alessandro Perazzo, Piergiorgio Gatto, Cornelius Barlascini, Maura Ferrari-Bravo, Antonello Nicolini

J Bras Pneumol.2014;40(1):6-12

Objective: Thoracentesis is one of the bedside procedures most commonly associated with iatrogenic complications, particularly pneumothorax. Various risk factors for complications associated with thoracentesis have recently been identified, including an inexperienced operator; an inadequate or inexperienced support team; the lack of a standardized protocol; and the lack of ultrasound guidance. We sought to determine whether ultrasound-guided thoracentesis can reduce the risk of pneumothorax and improve outcomes (fewer procedures without fluid removal and greater volumes of fluid removed during the procedures). In our comparison of thoracentesis with and without ultrasound guidance, all procedures were performed by a team of expert pulmonologists, using the same standardized protocol in both conditions. Methods: A total of 160 participants were randomly allocated to undergo thoracentesis with or without ultrasound guidance (n = 80 per group). The primary outcome was pneumothorax following thoracentesis. Secondary outcomes included the number of procedures without fluid removal and the volume of fluid drained during the procedure. Results: Pneumothorax occurred in 1 of the 80 patients who underwent ultrasound-guided thoracentesis and in 10 of the 80 patients who underwent thoracentesis without ultrasound guidance, the difference being statistically significant (p = 0.009). Fluid was removed in 79 of the 80 procedures performed with ultrasound guidance and in 72 of the 80 procedures performed without it. The mean volume of fluid drained was larger during the former than during the latter (960  500 mL vs. 770  480 mL), the difference being statistically significant (p = 0.03). Conclusions: Ultrasound guidance increases the yield of thoracentesis and reduces the risk of post-procedure pneumothorax. (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry identifier: ChiCTR-TRC-12002174 [http://www.chictr.org/en/])

Keywords: Pneumothorax; Ultrasonography; Thoracic surgical procedures.

3 - Factors related to the incorrect use of inhalers by asthma patients

Fatores relacionados ao uso incorreto dos dispositivos inalatórios em pacientes asmáticos

Paulo de Tarso Roth Dalcin, Denis Maltz Grutcki, Paola Paganella Laporte, Paula Borges de Lima, Samuel Millán Menegotto, Rosemary Petrik Pereira

J Bras Pneumol.2014;40(1):13-20

4 - Morbidity, mortality, and categorization of the risk of perioperative complications in lung cancer patients

Mortalidade, morbidade e categorização de risco para complicações perioperatórias em pacientes com câncer de pulmão

Fabiana Stanzani, Denise de Moraes Paisani, Anderson de Oliveira, Rodrigo Caetano de Souza, João Aléssio Juliano Perfeito, Sonia Maria Faresin

J Bras Pneumol.2014;40(1):21-29

5 - PLATINO, a nine-year follow-up study of COPD in the city of São Paulo, Brazil: the problem of underdiagnosis

PLATINO, estudo de seguimento de nove anos sobre DPOC na cidade de São Paulo: o problema do subdiagnóstico

J Bras Pneumol.2014;40(1):30-37

Objective: To determine the underdiagnosis rate in new COPD cases at the end of a nine-year follow-up period-in the study designated "Projeto Latino-Americano de Investigação em Obstrução Pulmonar" (PLATINO, Latin-American Pulmonary Obstruction Investigation Project)-and compare that with the underdiagnosis rate during the initial phase of the study, as well as to identify the clinical features exhibited by the subjects who were not diagnosed until the end of the follow-up phase. Methods: The study population comprised the 1,000 residents of the city of São Paulo, Brazil, who took part in the PLATINO study. Of those, 613 participated in the follow-up phase, during which the subjects were assessed with the same instruments and equipment employed in the initial phase of the study. We used the chi-square test or the independent sample t-test to analyze the underdiagnosis rate and to identify the characteristics of the subjects who were not diagnosed until the end of the follow-up phase. Results: The underdiagnosis rate for new COPD cases at the end of the nine-year follow-up period was 70.0%. The underdiagnosis rate during the follow-up phase was 17.5% lower than that reported for the initial phase of the study. The subjects who were not diagnosed until the end of the follow-up phase presented with fewer respiratory symptoms, better pulmonary function, and less severe disease than did those previously diagnosed with COPD. Conclusions: The underdiagnosis rate for new COPD cases was lower in the follow-up phase of the study than in the initial phase. The subjects who were not diagnosed until the end of the follow-up phase of the PLATINO study presented with the same clinical profile as did those who were not diagnosed in the initial phase. These findings underscore the need for spirometry in order to confirm the diagnosis of COPD and provide early intervention.

Keywords: Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive/diagnosis; Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive/epidemiology; Spirometry.

6 - Incidence of pulmonary embolism during COPD exacerbation

Incidência de embolia pulmonar durante exacerbação da DPOC

Eylem Akpinar, Derya Hoşgün, Serdar Akpinar, Gökçe Kaan Ataç, Beyza, Doğanay, Meral Gülhan

J Bras Pneumol.2014;40(1):38-45

7 - A new experimental model of cigarette smoke-induced emphysema in Wistar rats

Um novo modelo experimental de enfisema induzido por fumaça de cigarro em ratos Wistar

Rodrigo de las Heras Kozma, Edson Marcelino Alves, Valter Abraão Barbosa-de-Oliveira, Fernanda Degobbi Tenorio Quirino dos Santos Lopes, Renan Cenize Guardia, Henrique Vivi Buzo, Carolina Arruda de Faria, Camila Yamashita, Manzelio Cavazzana Júnior, Fernando Frei, Maria José de Oliveira Ribeiro-Paes, João Tadeu Ribeiro-Paes

J Bras Pneumol.2014;40(1):46-54

8 - Chest compression with a higher level of pressure support ventilation: effects on secretion removal, hemodynamics, and respiratory mechanics in patients on mechanical ventilation

Compressão torácica com incremento da pressão em ventilação com pressão de suporte: efeitos na remoção de secreções, hemodinâmica e mecânica pulmonar em pacientes em ventilação mecânica

Wagner da Silva Naue, Luiz Alberto Forgiarini Junior, Alexandre Simões Dias, Silvia Regina Rios Vieira

J Bras Pneumol.2014;40(1):55-60

9 - The burden of disease due to tuberculosis in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil

A carga de doença por tuberculose no estado de Santa Catarina

J Bras Pneumol.2014;40(1):61-68

Brief Communication

10 - Assessment of ICU readmission risk with the Stability and Workload Index for Transfer score

Avaliação de riscos de readmissão em UTI através do escore Stability and Workload Index for Transfer

Daiane Ferreira Oakes, Ingrid Nemitz Krás Borges, Luiz Alberto Forgiarini Junior, Marcelo de Mello Rieder

J Bras Pneumol.2014;40(1):69-72

11 - Empyema and bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia in children under five years of age

Empiema e pneumonia pneumocócica bacterêmica em menores de cinco anos de idade

Maria Regina Alves Cardoso, Cristiana Maria Costa Nascimento-Carvalho, Fernando Ferrero, Eitan Naaman Berezin, Raul Ruvinsky, Clemax Couto Sant'Anna, Maria Cristina de Cunto Brandileone, Maria de Fátima Bazhuni Pombo March, Ruben Maggi, Jesus Feris-Iglesias, Yehuda Benguigui, Paulo Augusto Moreira Camargos, the CARIBE group

J Bras Pneumol.2014;40(1):73-76

Case Report

12 - Adalimumab-induced acute interstitial lung disease in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis

Doença pulmonar intersticial aguda induzida por adalimumabe em paciente com artrite reumatoide

Olívia Meira Dias, Daniel Antunes Silva Pereira, Bruno Guedes Baldi, André Nathan Costa, Rodrigo Abensur Athanazio, Ronaldo Adib Kairalla, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro Carvalho

J Bras Pneumol.2014;40(1):77-81