Catarina Gouveia Cardoso1,2, Carolina Valente1, Mariana Serino3, Inês Rodrigues4, André Carvalho4, David Barros Coelho1,2,5, Hélder Novais Bastos1,2,5, Patrícia Caetano Mota1,2,5, António Morais1,2,5, Marta Drummond2,5,6

J Bras Pneumol.2024;50(5):e20240058

9 - CPAP delivered via a helmet interface in lightly sedated patients with moderate to severe ARDS: predictors of success outside the ICU

Isabella de Melo Matos1,2a, Betina Santos Tomaz2a, Maria da Penha Uchoa Sales3a, Gabriela Carvalho Gomes1a, Antonio Brazil Viana Junior4a, Miguel R. Gonçalves5,6a, Marcelo Alcantara Holanda1a, Eanes Delgado Barros Pereira1a

J Bras Pneumol.2024;50(5):e20240299

10 - Risk of mycobacterial infections in a cohort of silicosis patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases

Rafael Futoshi Mizutani1, Ubiratan Paula Santos1, Roberta Karla Barbosa Sales1, Emily Figueiredo Neves Yuki2, Elisa Maria Siqueira Lombardi1, Lavinia Clara del Roio1, Mario Terra-Filho1

J Bras Pneumol.2024;50(5):e20240265

11 - Lung ultrasound score and diaphragm ultrasound in weaning from mechanical ventilation: are they different in patients with and without COVID-19?

Laura Cordeiro Madeira1,2, Paulo de Tarso Dalcin2,3, Gabriele Heinen Schuster1, Bruna Conte1, Jonas Michel Wolf4, Annia Schreiber5, Jean-Jacques Rouby6, Felippe Leopoldo Dexheimer-Neto1

J Bras Pneumol.2024;50(5):e20240302

Objective: To compare pre-extubation physiological characteristics and ultrasound variables between patients intubated for COVID-19 compared to a clinical population and those intubated for other reasons. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study of patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) for more than 48 h. Patients were divided into two groups: those intubated for COVID-19-induced ARDS and those intubated for other clinical reasons. Ultrasound assessment of lung and diaphragm function was performed before extubation. The results were compared between the two groups of patients. Results: In comparison with the patients without COVID-19, those with the disease were younger (a median age of 58 [46-76] years vs. a median age of 75 [69-85] years; p = 0.01), had fewer comorbidities (a median Charlson Comorbidity Index of 2 [1-4] vs. a median Charlson Comorbidity Index of 5 [4-6]; p < 0.01), and were less severely ill at admission (a median APACHE II score of 9 [8-14] vs. a median APACHE II score of 18 [13-22]; p < 0.01). In addition, the median duration of IMV was longer in the COVID-19 patients (11 [9-23] days vs. 6 [3-8] days; p < 0.01). Although extubation success rates were similar between the COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 groups (22 [71%] vs. 35 [77.8%]), median lung ultrasound score differed between the two groups (23 [18-25] vs. 15 [11-18]; p < 0.01), as did median diaphragmatic excursion (2.1 [1.7-2.4] vs. 1.7 [1.2-2.0]; p < 0.01). Conclusions: Although patients with COVID-19 requiring ventilatory support are younger and have fewer comorbidities than those intubated for other clinical reasons, they experience longer hospital stays. Although lung ultrasound score can differ between patients with and without COVID-19, these differences do not significantly translate into extubation success rates. Therefore, the utility of ultrasound scores in weaning COVID-19 patients from IMV needs further study.

Keywords: COVID-19; Ventilator weaning; Diaphragm; Ultrasound/diagnosis; Lung.

12 - Recent increase in asthma mortality in Brazil: a warning sign for the public health system

Marcos Brum1, Jordana Henz1, Mariana Boeira1, Simoni Soares1, Frederico Friedrich1, Paulo Márcio Pitrez2

J Bras Pneumol.2024;50(5):e20240138

Special Article

13 - Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency

Recomendações para o diagnóstico e tratamento da deficiência de alfa-1 antitripsina

Paulo Henrique Ramos Feitosa1, Maria Vera Cruz de Oliveira Castellano2, Claudia Henrique da Costa, Amanda da Rocha Oliveira Cardoso4, Luiz Fernando Ferreira Pereira5, Frederico Leon Arrabal Fernandes6, Fábio Marcelo Costa7, Manuela Brisot Felisbino8, Alina Faria França de Oliveira9, Jose R Jardim10, Marc Miravitlles11

J Bras Pneumol.2024;50(5):e20240235

Letters to the Editor

14 - Short-term effects of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor in pediatric cystic fibrosis patients in Brazil: a case series

Marta Amor Barbosa1, Fernanda Maria Vendrusculo2, Matias Epifanio2, Marcio Vinicius Fagundes Donadio1,2, Leonardo Araujo Pinto2

J Bras Pneumol.2024;50(5):e20230403

15 - Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency with homozygous p.Arg610del genotype in an elderly patient: a rare case report

Guilherme das Posses Bridi1, Ronaldo Adib Kairalla1, Márcio Valente Yamada Sawamura2, Bruno Guedes Baldi1

J Bras Pneumol.2024;50(5):e20240192

16 - Long COVID: a cross-sectional study of respiratory muscle strength, lung function, and persistent symptoms at one year after hospital discharge

Ellys Rhaiara Nunes Rebouças1,2, Taynara Rodrigues Ramos1,2, Barbara Galdino de Sousa1,2a, Rayana Fialho da Costa2,3a, Samara Sousa Vasconcelos Gouveia4a, Italo Caldas Silva2,3, Daniela Gardano Bucharles Mont’Alverne1,5, Nataly Gurgel Campos1,2,5

J Bras Pneumol.2024;50(5):e20240246

17 - Revitalizing Brazil’s contribution to the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation Lung Transplant Database

Diego Corsetti Mondadori1,5, Flavio Pola dos Reis2,5, Fernando Antibas Atik3,5, Luciana Bertocco de Paiva Haddad4,5, Paulo Manuel Pêgo-Fernandes5,6,7

J Bras Pneumol.2024;50(5):e20240222

Images in Pulmonary Medicine

18 - Bubbles in my heart—systemic air embolism after CT-guided transthoracic biopsy of a pulmonary nodule

Felipe Marques da Costa1, Augusto Kreling Medeiros2, Felipe Roth Vargas3

J Bras Pneumol.2024;50(5):e20240277

19 - Pulmonary hemorrhage in a patient with Marfan syndrome

Matheus de Almeida Costa1, Miriam Menna Barreto1, Edson Marchiori1

J Bras Pneumol.2024;50(5):e20240217

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20 - EDITAL DE SELEÇÃO PARA VICE-EDITOR 2025-2026

EDITAL DE SELEÇÃO PARA VICE-EDITOR 2025-2026

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

J Bras Pneumol.2024;50(5):.

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Year 2024 - Volume 50 - Issue 5 (September/October)

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Editorial

1 - ELMO-CPAP: an effective approach in the management of patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure

2 - Is asthma mortality decreasing or increasing in Brazil? The burden of proof

3 - Understanding the link between interstitial lung disease and obstructive sleep apnea: is lung volume involved?

Continuing Education: Imaging

4 - Pulmonary laceration

Continuing Education : Scientific Methodology

5 - How to become a productive academic writer?

Continuing Education: Respiratory Physiology

6 - The role of the pulmonary function laboratory in the management of hematologic diseases

Continuing Education: Pediatric Pulmonology

7 - Croup review: comparative analysis of acute and recurrent croup

Original Article

8 - Obstructive sleep apnea in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease (non-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis): what should be offered?