This article reviews the pharmacokinetic properties of low-molecular weight heparins, compares the results of their use to that of unfractioned heparin in a pulmonary embolism treatment, showing they are a safe an effective alternative. The authors suggest that low-molecular-weight heparins administered subcutaneously once or twice-daily and without frequent laboratory monitoring have permitted out-of-hospital or short hospitalization management in some cases of pulmonary embolism, resulting in cost savings and increased patient satisfaction.

Keywords: Pulmonary embolism. Heparin. Low-molecular-weight heparin.

Based in a case of a patient who developed pulmonary embolism three days after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy in spite of using unfrationated heparin starting before surgery and mantained in the first 24hs postoperatively. The authors have analysed the risk factors and the rate of VTE in laparoscopic cholecystectomy , the use of thromboprofilaxis and suggested procedures that should be adopted

Keywords: Cholecystectomy. Video laparoscopy. Pneumoperitoneum

Pulmonary siderosis is a rare cause of diffuse lung infiltration. This report describes the investigation of a patient with a micronodular pattern, where open-lung biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of pulmonary siderosis in a welder.

Keywords: Pulmonary siderosis. Micronodular pattern.

Yellow nail syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by three main features: discoloration of the nails, together with dystrophic alterations; lymphedema; and pleural effusion. It is often accompanied by bronchiectasis and chronic rhinosinusitis. Herein, we report a case of the complete syndrome with bilateral pleural effusion in a patient under treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis for nine months. There was a family history of two similar cases in siblings.

Keywords: Nail diseases; Lymphedema; Pleural effusion; Antitubercular; Syndrome; Case report