Schwannomas are tumors that are typically benign. They are derived from Schwann cells (glial cells of the peripheral nervous system that serve to separate and isolate nerve cells from adjacent structures). The most common type of schwannoma is a benign tumor of cranial nerve VIII and is referred to as an acoustic neuroma. When extradural, such tumors usually present as masses that can invade adjacent structures, thereby becoming symptomatic, as in the case of intrathoracic schwannomas (typically found in the posterior mediastinum). Herein, we present a case of a schwannoma treated through video-assisted thoracoscopy, and we review the literature on the subject.

Keywords: Mediastinal neoplasms/surgery; Neurilemmoma; Thoracic surgery, video-assisted; Case reports