Air cysts abnormally emerging from the trachea and/or larger bronchi is an extremely rare disease. Only a few isolated cases of paratracheal air cysts associated with chronic lung diseases have been described in the literature. The aim of this communication is to describe two cases of this rare, clinical entity in members of the same family. The father of the patients died from this disease at 43 years of age and his two daughters are currently under treatment. The clinical findings are similar to those of chronic pulmonary suppuration syndrome. The diagnosis was established by bronchovideoscopy, axial CT with 3D reconstitution and virtual bronchoscopy. The patients are under observation and palliative treatment is being administered.

Keywords: Lung diseases. Cysts. Trachea. Bronchi. Bronchoscopy. Computed tomography.