Benign schwannoma tumors are the most common primary tumors of the posterior mediastinum. They may develop into a dumbbell-shaped involvement of the medullar channel, but rarely reach the tracheobronchial tree. The authors report a case of a 45-year-old female patient with a benign schwannoma in the posterior mediastinum, with a dumbbell-shaped lesion that traverses the intercartilaginous septa of the trachea. The tumor was resected by endoscopy in the endotracheal portion and afterwards by thoracotomy of the mediastinal tumor. Eight months after the surgery, there has been no recurrence of the lesion.

Keywords: Mediastinal neoplasms. Thoracotomy. Thoracoscopy. Mediastinal cyst.